(¯`·.¸(¯`·.¸Bilim - Kuch - Ilim - Pen - Ghalibiyetning Achquchidur - Qaynam¸.·´¯)¸.·´¯)

Maqale, Shéir, Uchur we Bashqilar

2007-04-18T17:06:00.000-07:00

Xenzuche - Ingilizche Atalghular

2007-04-18T17:03:00.000-07:00

A.
AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q
艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace
安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
暗亏 hidden loss
澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul
奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

B.
B to B (B2B) business to business
B to C (B2C) business to consumer
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白马王子 Prince Charming
白色行情表 white sheet
白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)
白手起家 starting from scratch
白雪公主 Snow White
摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜年 pay New Year call
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球运动记者 scribe
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理业务 factoring business
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank
本本主义 bookishness
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
苯鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比较经济学 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
变相涨价 disguised inflation
便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（业）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
补缺选举 by-election
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result
《不见不散》 Be there or be square.
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
步行天桥 foot bridge

擦边球 edge ball, touch ball
擦网球 net ball
采取高姿态 show magnanimity
菜篮子工程 shopping basket program
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world.
What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time.
仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)
层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
差额投票 differentail voting
差额选举 competitive election
茶道 sado
查房 make/go the rounds of the wards
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul
拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition
搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)
禅 dhyana
产粮大省 granary province
产品结构 product mix
产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure
长二捆 LM-2E
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe
长线产品 product in excessive supply
畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption
彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force
城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"
吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government
重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects
抽杀成功 hit through
筹备委员会 preparatory committee
出风头 show off;in the limelight
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口加工区 export processing zones
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports
出家 pravrajana; cloister
传销 multi-level marketing
窗口行业 various service trades
创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹风会 (advanced) briefing
春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program
春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals
磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new
此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits

"达标"活动 "target hitting" activities
打白条 issue IOU
打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
打假 crack down on counterfeit goods
打破僵局 break the deadlock
打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove
大包干 all-round responsibility system
大轰动 blockbuster
大力扣杀 hammer
大路货 staple goods
大满贯 grand slam
大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener
大款 tycoon
大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall
大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
大胜 white wash
大腕 top notch
大卫教 Branch Davidian
大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series
大学生创业 university students' innovative undertaking
大要案 major and serious criminal cases
大专生 junior college student
大专文凭 associate degree
大藏经 Tripitaka
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting
待业 job-waiting
代职 function in an acting capacity
单循环制 single round-robin system
党群关系 Party-masses relationship
党政机关 Party and government organizations
捣浆糊 give the runaround
盗版VCD pirated VCD
盗用公款 embezzlement
单刀赴会 start a solo run
倒票 speculative reselling of tickets
倒爷 profiteer
倒计时 countdowm
等外品 off-grade goods, rejects
邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts
低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector
第一发球权 first inning
第一发球员 first server
第一双打 first pair
地方保护主义 regional protectionism
地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances
地区差异 regional disparity
地热资源 geothermal resources
地市级城市 prefecture-level city
点子公司 consultancy company
电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number
电话会议 teleconference
电视直销 TV home shopping
电子商务认证 e-business certification
吊球 drop shot
吊销执照 revoke license
钉子户 person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project
定向培训 training for specific posts
豆腐渣"工程 jerry-built project
毒枭 drug trafficker
独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)
"渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy
短期债务 floating debt
断交信 Dear John letter (from woman to man)
对...毫无顾忌 make no bones about ...
对冲基金 hedge fund
对外招商 attract foreign investment
队长袖标(足球） skipper's armband
多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power
多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)
夺冠 take the crown

恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
恶性循环 vicious circle
二板市场(创业板市场） second board on the country's stock market
二次创业 start a new undertaking
二进宫 to enter the palace a second time (people with a past criminal record again commits a crime, and is convicted and put into a correctional institution)
二流选手 scrub, second-rater
二元经济 dual economy

发案率 incidence (of criminal cases)
发烧友 fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan
发展不平衡 disparate development
发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.
法治国家 a country under the rule of law
法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system
翻两番 quadruple
反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire
反不正当竞争法 Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means
反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
防抱死系统 ABS (anti-lock braking system)
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
房管 real estate management
放高球 lob
放下架子 to relinguish haungty airs; to get off one's high horse; throw off one's airs
放行单 release permit
飞毛腿（导弹）Scud missile
飞行药检 spot check
非对称数字用户环路 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)
费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes
分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market.
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
分期付款 installment payment
分税制 system of tax distribution
（产品）分销 subunderwriting, distribution
粉领族 pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)
风险投资 venture capital; risk investment
疯牛病 mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)
锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash
封闭式基金 close-ended fund
封杀出局 force out
“封圣” canonization of "Saints"
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system
浮动工资 floating wages; fluctuating wages
扶贫 poverty alleviation
覆盖率 coverage rate
复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)

改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.
感谢款待的信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest)
干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent
港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong
高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高度自治 high degree of autonomy
高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)
高级商务师 Certified Business Executive
高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road
高科技板块 high-tech sector
高难度动作 stunner, stunt
高清晰度 high definition
高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone
(公路）隔离带 median
根本政治制度 fundamental political system
个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment
各大菜系 major styles of cooking
各尽所能let each person do his best; from each according to his ability
"各就位" "On your marks!"
跟踪审计 follow-up auditing
恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you all the best!
功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.
工程公司 engineering company
工商局 industrial and commercial bureau
工薪阶层 salariat; state employee; salaried person
工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration
工业园区 industrial park
公费医疗 medical services at state expense
公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS)
公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts
公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds
公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds
公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company
公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open
公证财产 notarize the properties
共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party
狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)
骨干企业 key enterprise
股本金equity capital
挂职
1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)
2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit
关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall
光谷 optical valley
光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration
光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine
光通讯 photo-communication; optical communication
广告电话直销direct response advertising
广域网 wide area network (WAN)
皈依三宝 become a Buddhist
国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components
国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense
国际惯例 international common practice
国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL)
《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune
国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems
国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua
国家一级保护 first-grade State protection
国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team
国库券 treasury bonds
国民党 Kuomintang
国民经济支柱产业 pillar industries in national economy
国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond
过度开垦 excess reclamation

海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War
函授大学 correspondence university
旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park
汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software
航母 aircraft carrier
豪赌 unrestrained gambling
好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander
好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster
"好球" "Strike"
和服 Kimono
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
核销 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
宏观调控 macro-control
红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)
红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)
环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim
后防空虚 leave the defense exposed
呼啦圈 hu la hoop
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)
虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.
互动广告 interactive advertisement
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
护身法宝 amulet
华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
华盖 canopy
滑板车 scooter
"坏球" "Ball"
还俗 resume secular life, unfrock
"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state
挥棒 swing
挥棒不中 fan
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
货币化 monetization
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
货到付款 cash on delivery

机场建设费 airport construction fee
机构臃肿　 overstaffing in organizations (government)
基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.
基本国情 fundamental realities of the country
基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level
基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level
基因工程 genetic engineering
积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
绩优股 blue chip
激烈竞争 cut-throat competition
吉尼斯世界记录 Guinness (Book of Records)
吉祥物 mascot
缉毒队 narcotics squad
缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling
集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
计划单列市 city specifically designated in the state plan
计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)
记者席 press box
"既成事实" fait accompli (noun)
技术产权交易所 technology equity market; technology property right exchange
技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers
嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest
加班 work extra shifts
加密 encrypt
加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system
家族企业 family firm
假唱 lip-synch
假动作 deception, feint
甲骨文 inscriptions on oracle bones
假日经济 holiday economy
坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences
监督部门 watchdog
尖端产品 highly sophisticated products
剪彩 cut the ribbon
剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...
减负 alleviate burdens on sb.
减速玻璃(汽车）decelerating glass
减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
江南水乡 the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River
讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating
脚踩两只船 sit on the fence
脚踏实地 be down-to-earth
侥幸球 fluke
教学法 pedagogy; teaching method
教育部社政司 Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education
接口 interface
街道企业 neighborhood enterprise
街心花园 park at an intersection; garden in the city center
节奏布鲁斯音乐（RMB音乐） rhythm blues
解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces
解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales
戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center
戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience
金本位 gold standard
金边债券 gilt-edged bonds
金刚经 Vajracchedika-sutra
金降落伞 golden parachute
金融电子化 computerize financial services
金税工程 Golden Tax Project
紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase
紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises
紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail
近海渔业 offshore fishery
近水楼台先得月 First come, first served; A water-front pavilion gets the moonlight first--the advantage of being in a favored position.
进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade
进口渗透 import penetration
禁渔期 closed fishing seasons
禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment
经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account
经常性贷款 commercial lending
经常性支出 running expenses
经济林 cash tree
经济全球化 economic globalization; economic integration
经济失调指数 misery index
经济头脑 commercially minded people; people with business sense
经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system
精简机构 streamline government organs
精品 competitive products
京剧票友 Peking Opera fan
京剧人物脸谱 types of facial make-up in Beijing opera
景泰蓝 cloisonné
敬业精神 professional dedication; professional ethics
劲射 power shot
九五攻关 State Key Task 95
居委会 neighborhood committee; residents' committee
局域网 local area network (LAN)
举报电话 informants' hot-line telephone
拒载 refuse to take passengers
君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green
竣工式 completion ceremony

卡丁车 kart
开发一代，储存一带，预研一代 (产品） to develop this generation of products while researching on the next generation of products
开放式基金 open-ended fund
开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity
开工典礼 commencement ceremony
开题报告 opening speech; opening report
看守政府, 看守内阁，过渡政府 caretaker cabinet
坎儿井 karez
抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
抗震棚 quake-proof shelter
考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements
科技含量 technology content
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.
科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation
科研攻关 scientific research and tackle the key research project
可持续发展 sustainable development
刻录机 CD writer; disc-carving machine
空头支票 accommodation note, lip service
空中小姐 air hostess; air stewardess
控股公司 holding company
扣帽子 put a label on
跨世纪工程 a trans-century project
跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development
快讯 news flash; flash
宽带接入 broadband access
宽带网 broadband networks
宽限期 grace period
亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit
困难职工 the needy

垃圾债券 junk bond
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
拉拉队 cheering squad
拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king
拉关系 try to curry favor with
来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone
来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing
劳动合同制 labor contract system
老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise
"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading
礼仪小姐 ritual girl
利改税　 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
利好因素 wrinkle
利基 niche
立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture
联合联络小组 joint liaison group
廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration
廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government
廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness
联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration linked to output
联合国会费 the UN membership dues (fee)
联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises
联合投标 syndicated tender
联想集团 Legend Group
练摊 to be a vendor
良性循环 virtuous circle
粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies
粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration
两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation
两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine
"两个对等的政治实体" "two equal political entities
两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress
两手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup.
"两思"（致富思源，富而思进） to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence
老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas
《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio
猎头公司 head-hunting company
临时主教练 caretaker coach
领头羊 bellwether
留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad
流动人口 transient population
(行业中的)龙头老大 leading enterprise; flagship of the industry
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises
乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines
《论语》 Analects of Confucius
论文答辩 (thesis) oral defense
裸机：bare mobile phone
绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate
绿化 afforestation
绿色急救通道 emergency green path
绿色食品 green food

马拉松式竞选活动 campaignathon
马路菜场入室工程 the project to build indoor free market to accommodate street vegetable vendors
马太效应 the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles whereby one's accomplishments and reputation tend to snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have greater difficulty achieving accomplishments. )
满意度 degree of satisfaction
盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside
帽子戏法 hat trick
冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging
买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free
美声唱法 bel canto
美食节 gourmet festival
门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building
蒙古包 (Mongolian) yurt
蒙古大夫 quack
朦胧诗 misty poetry
民办教师 citizen-managed teachers (teachers in rural citizen-managed or state-managed schools who do not receive the normal remuneration from the government)
民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities
民进党 Democratic Progressive Party
民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation
民族凝聚力 national cohesion
民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission
民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture
明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption
磨洋工 dawdle along
目标管理 management by objectives

NASDAQ National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations
纳米 nanometer
难得糊涂 Where ignorance is bliss, it's folly to be wise.
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion
南水北调工程 divert water from the south to the north project
男权主义思想 male chauvinism
囊括 complete a sweep
耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)
闹情绪 be disgruntled; be in a fit of pique
内环路 inner ring road
内联企业 enterprises with internal connections
能官能民 be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people
能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the grass roots
能进能出，能上能下,方谓好汉 He who knows how to fight and how to retreat deserves to be called a brave man.
能上网的手机 WAP phone
内耗 in-fighting
泥菩萨 like a clay Buddha fording the river-hardly able to save oneself; each one is looking out for his own survival
年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis
年夜饭 family reunion dinner
扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour (labourers)

跑龙套 utility man, play a bit role, general handyman
泡沫经济 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰钉子 get snubbed
碰头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)
疲软股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
啤酒肚 beer belly
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
贫铀弹 depleted uranium bomb
平面设计师 graphic designer
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
扑网(体） rush-up, rushing
普选制 general election system

期房 forward delivery housing
企业孵化器 enterprise incubator
企业文化 corporate culture
起跑器 block
洽谈会 fair, meeting
千代田寿险公司（日本） Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co.
千禧婴儿 millennium infant; millennium baby
强化班 intensive training class
抢跑 false start, beat the gun
亲民党 People First Party
勤工俭学 part-work and part-study system; work-study program
轻轨火车 light rail train
情感消费 emotional consumption
情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to …
区位商业 location-based commerce
屈体 jackknife, pike
圈外人士 people out of the loop
全方位外交 multi-faceted diplomacy
全国卫生城市 National Hygienic City
全民健身计划纲要 outline of the nationwide body-building plan
全能冠军 all-around winner
全球定位系统 global positioning system (GPS)
全球通 global system for mobile communications
全天候飞机 all-weatehr aircraft
拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster
裙带风 nepotism; petticoat influence
裙带关系 networking through petticoat influence
群言堂 allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have his say; speak one's mind freely

燃油附加税 bunker surcharge
染指 reap undeserved profit from; encroach upon
绕圈子 beat around the bush
热岛效应 tropical island effect
人才流失brain drain
人浮于事 overstaffing
人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)
人海战术 huge-crowd strategy
人机交互 human-computer interaction
人际交往 human communication
人口负增长 negative population growth (NPG)
人均住房 per-capita housing
人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)
人情债 debt of gratitude
任意球 free kick
日本协力银行 Japan Bank For International Cooperation (JBIC)
融资渠道 financing channels
入水时水花很少 clean entry
软新闻 soft news

360度环幕电影 Circamara
三八红旗手 woman pace-setter
三八线 38th Parallel
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)
"三个代表" "three represents" theory (The Party should always represent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)
三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
三好学生 merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)
"三讲"教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气） "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)
三角恋爱 love triangle
三角债 chain debt
三来一补企业 the enterprises that process raw materials on clients' demands, assemble parts for the clients and process according to the clients' samples; or engage in compensation trade.
三连冠 three successive championships
三民主义 the Three People's Principles (Nationalism, Democracy and the People's Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen
三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits
三通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)
三维电影 three-dimensional movie
三维动画片 three-dimensional animation
三无企业 three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)
三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers
三资企业 three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises or ventures: Sino-foreign joint ventures(中外合资企业), cooperative businesses （中外合作企业） and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China（外商独资企业）
三字经 three-character scripture
"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications
扫尾工作 round-off work; wind-up work
杀手锏 sudden thrust of the mace--one's trump or master card
《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers
商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品条码 bar code
上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work in the countryside or mountain areas
上市 to be listed
上网 to get on the Internet
上有天堂，下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzou on earth.
少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee
社会热点问题 hot spots of society
社会治安情况 public security situation
涉外经济 foreign-related business
申办奥运会 bid for the Olympic Games
身体素质 physique; physical constitution
神州行电话卡 Shenzhou pre-paid card
审时度势 size up the situation
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
《生死抉择》 "Live or Die"
生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture
失恋 be disappointed in love; be jilted
失学儿童 dropout
实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
食品卫生法 Food Hygiene Law of People's Republic of China
实体经济 the real economy
实现零的突破 fulfil the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough
实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people
实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
时不我待 Time and tide wait for no man.
<<史记>> Shi Ji/ Historical Records
市场疲软 sluggish market
市场准入 market access
试用期 probationary period
适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy
适销对路的产品　 readily marketable products
适者生存survival of the fittest
手机入网费 mobile access fee
首创精神 pioneering spirit
首航 maiden voyage (of an aircraft or ship)
授信额度 line of credit
受灾地区 disaster-affected are
售后服务 after-sale services
树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
刷卡, 划卡 to punch the card; to stamp the card
甩卖 clearance sale; be on sale
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton
双刃剑 double-edged sword
双向选择 two-way selection, referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins
水货 smuggled goods
水墨画 Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting
硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study
司仪 MC (master of ceremonies)
思乡曲 Nostalgia
思想僵铁 fossilized concept
死机 system halted
四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians at the entrance to a Buddhism temple; Four Devarajas
四个如何认识 (江泽民总书记在今年6月28日中央思想政治工作会议上发表的重要讲话中，提出并精辟阐述了如何认识社会主义发展的历史进程、如何认识资本主义发展的历史进程、如何认识我国社会主义改革实践过程对人们思想的影响、如何认识当今的国际环境和国际政治斗争带来的影响等当前直接影响干部群众思想活动的重大问题.)
In his important address to the Central Ideological and Political Work Conference on June 28 this year, Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin expounds on how to understand the historical process of socialist development; how to understand the historical process of capitalist development; how to understand the impact of China's socialist reform over the people's thinking; how to understand the impact of the current international environment and political struggle.
四十不惑 Life begins at forty.
四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
(企业集团的）松散层 loose level (of an enterprise group)
素质教育 education for all-around development
随行就市 prices fluctuating in response to market conditions

抬杠 argue for the sake of arguing; bicker
太空步 moonwalk
弹性工资 flexible pay
弹性外交 elastic diplomacy
逃票 to sneak through without a ticket
逃票者 ticket evader
套利 arbitrage
特别提款权 special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs) ; paper gold
特色电话机 feature phone
提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
铁哥们 faithful pal；buddies；sworn friend
铁血宰相 iron-and-blood prime minister
通存通兑 the banking procedure where deposits and withdrawals are processed at any branch bank
通货紧缩 deflation (of currency)
统筹安排 comprehensive arrangement
统一市场 single market
统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax
同等学力 have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certain academic qualification)
同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen
筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment
偷税漏税 tax evasion
偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes
头号种子选手 No.1 seed (player); top seed
投手 pitcher
透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
土地沙化 desertification of land; desert encroachment
团身 bunch up the body
推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production; commercialization of laboratory achievements
退耕还林还草 grain for green
脱口秀 talk show
脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
脱手 release grip

汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks (Wang-Koo talks)
王储，王太子 Crown Prince
网吧 Internet bar
网关 gateway
网恋 online love affair
网络出版 online publishing
网络管理员 network administrator
网络经济 cybereconomy
网民 netizen; net citizen; cyber citizen
网上冲浪surf the Internet
网上交易平台 online trading platform
网友 net friend
往事如风 The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is past.
温饱工程 bring-warmth fill-bellies project
稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority
微软移动构想 Microsoft Vision for Mobility; Microsoft Mobility Initiatives
维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation
《围城》 A Surrounded City
伪君子hypocrite; a wolf in sheep's clothing
伪劣商品赔还法 lemon law
卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion
文明街道 model community
文韬武略 military expertise; military strategy
问讯处 information office; inquiry desk
屋顶花园 roof garden
无氟冰箱　 freon-free refrigerator　
无人售票 self-service ticketing
无绳来电显示电话 cordless telephone with caller ID
无为而治 govern by doing nothing that is against nature; govern by non-interference
无线应用协议 WAP（wireless application protocol）
无中生有 make/create something out of nothing
武俠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel; kung fu novel
物价局 Price Bureau
物业管理 estate management, property management

西部大开发 West Development
西气东输 transport the natural gas from the West to the East
《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber
《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West
吸收游资 absorb idle fund
希望工程 Project Hope
喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear
洗钱 money laundering
下放权力给 delegating the management of ... (to ...)
下岗 laid-off workers
下海 plunge into the commercial sea
下网 off line
下游行业 downstream industry
险胜 cliff-hanging win, narrow victory, nose out
线下商贸运作 offline business operation
县改市：county upgraded to city
县级市：county-level city
现代企业制度 modern enterprise system; modern corporate system
香格里拉 Shangri-la
向钱看 mammonism, put money above all
项目立项 approve and initiate a project
项目预算 project budget
消费信贷 consumer credit services
削减战略核武器会谈 strategic arms reduction talks (START)
小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity
小康之家 well-off family; comfortably-off family
效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits
写真集 photo album
心理素质 psychological quality
新宠 new favourite
新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean
新新人类 New Human Being；X Generation
新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star
信贷支持 credit aid
信息港 inforport; cyber port
信息化 informationize
信用紧缩 credit crunch
星期日泰晤士报 the Sunday Times
形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand
虚拟网 virtual net
选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected
选举人票 electoral vote
选举人制 electoral system
学而优则仕 (a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career
学生处 students' affairs division
学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
寻呼小姐 operators who work with paging centres
巡回招聘 milk round

压水花技术 rip entry
压线(口令) Line!
压轴戏 grand finale; last and best item on a theatrical program
亚健康 subhealthy
严打斗争Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities
言情小说 romantic fiction; sentimental novel
研究成果 research results
研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graudate degree's diploma
阳春（最经济方式） no-frills
羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall
养老金 pension
养路费 road toll
摇钱树 cash cow
摇头丸 dancing outreach
药物检查 dope control, drug testing
业内人士 insider
液晶显示屏 liquid crystal display (LCD)
一次性筷子 throwaway chopsticks
一次性解决问题 solve the problem once and for all
一大二公 (concerning the people's commune) large in size and collective in nature
一刀切 cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform; impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility
一国两制，One country, two systems
一级市场 primary market
一式两联 (receipt or invoice) in duplicate
一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败 We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.
一线员工 worker at the production line
医疗保险 medical insurance
移动电话双向收费 two-way charges for cellular phones
以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side
以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction
以谋略制胜 outmaneuver
以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains
以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以市场为导向 market-oriented
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality
以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products
义和团运动 Boxer Uprising
义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription
义务教育 compulsory education
义演收入 proceeds from benefit performmance
薏米 seed of Job's tears
易拉罐 pop can
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
隐形收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money
隐性就业 unregistered employment
硬道理 absolute principle, top priority
营业税 turnover tax; business tax
应试教育 examination-oriented education system
优化结构 optimize structure
优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping
邮递协议 Post Office Protocol (POP)
有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline
有情人终成眷属 Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.
有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful
有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain
与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market
(领导人）与民众的直接对话 town hall conference/meeting
舆论导向 direction of public opinion
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
欲穷千里目，更上一层楼 to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.
冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases
圆寂 Parinirvana
缘分 chemical, (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together
远程教育 distance learning
远景计划 long-term development targets
晕菜 numbed; dumbfounded
运球 dribble

宰（客） to swindle money out of our customers
"宰人" rip off
在孵（孵化器）企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)
在职博士生 on-job doctorate
再贷款 re-lending; subloan
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
藏学 Tibetology
糟粕 dross
早恋 puppy love
造假帐 falsified accounts
斋月 Ramadan
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
沾光 benefit from one's association
站票 standing-room-only ticket
站台票 platform ticket
战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership
涨落线 advance balance line
掌上电脑 palm computer
朝阳产业 sunrise industry
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project
招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)
招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and vocation guidance office
真空包装 vacuum packing
真善美 the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty
正式照会 formal note
政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house
政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.
政府上网工程Government Online Project
政府职能转变 transform/shift the government functions
政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
政务公开 make government affairs public
政治迫害 political prosecution; witch hunt
证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange
知识产权 intellectual property rights
知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy
直播 live broadcast, live telecast
致命要害 Achilles' heel
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Maqale, Shéir, Uchur we Bashqilar

2006-09-28T17:24:00.000-07:00

Medeniyetler toqunushi we dunyawi tertipining qayta ornitilishi

2006-09-28T16:21:00.000-07:00

Seymil Xantington (Amérika)

Abduréhim Dölet, Adil Abduqadir Terjimisi

111- Bölüm shekilliniwatqan medeniyet tertipi

6- bab yer shari siyasining hezaret jehette orunlashturulushi

…………………….……………………………

Arisaldi döletler: medeniyet özgertishning meghlubiyiti.

Arisaldi döletler özlirining mediniyet salahiyitini qayta békitish üchün, az dégendimu üch xil aldinqi shertni hazirlishi kérek. Birinchi, mezkur döletning siyasi, iqtisadiy sahediki serxilliri choqum omumyüzlük bu heriketni qollishi hem buninggha qizghin bolishi kérek. Ikkinchidin, héchbolmighanda amma bu ishqa nisbeten choqum sükütte turushi kérek. Üchinchidin ular salahiyetlinidighan medeniyettiki yétekchi orundiki dölet (tolisi gherp) choqum buni qobul qilishni xalishi kérek. Salahiyetni qayta békitish bir siyasi, ijtimaiy, tüzülme we hezaret jehetlerdiki uzaq muddetlik, üzülüp qalidighan, azapliq bir özgirish jeryani.

Rosiye. Bu dölet 90-yillardin buyanqi birnechche yil ichide bir arisaldi döletke aylinip qaldi, méksika izchil bir arisaldi dölet bopkelgenidi, Türkiyimu nechche on yildin buyan ashundaq dölet. Buninggha sélishturghanda, Rosiye bir nechche esirdin buyan shundaq bir arisaldi dölet. Uning méksika, Türkiyege oxshimaydighan yéri shuki, u yenila bir asasliq mediniyetning yadro döliti. Eger türkiye yaki méksika muwapiqiyetlik halda özini qaytidin gherp mediniyitning ezasi ikenliki békitelise, buning islam mediniyiti yaki méksika muwapiqiyetlik halda özini qaytidin gherp mediniyitining ezasi ikenlikini békitelise, buning islam mediniyiti yaki latin medeniyitige bolghan tesiri nahayiti ajiz yaki cheklikrek bolishi mumkin. Eger Rosiye bir gherp döliti bopqalsa, prawuslawiye dini medeniyiti qayta mewjut bolmaydu. Sowét ittipaqining halakiti rusiyilikler arisida Rosiye we gherbning qaysisi merkez dégen mesile toghrisida munazire qozghiwetti.

Rosiye bilen gheripning medeniyet munasiwiting özgirishi töt bashquchni bashtin kechurdi. Birinchi basquch impirator pétirning dewrigiche (1689-1725). Eyni waqtta kéwian döliti we muskwa döliti gherptin mustesna bolup, musteqil halette mewjut idi. Gherbiy yawropa jemiyiti bilen asasen dégüdek alaqisi yoq idi. Rossiye medeniyiti wizantiye mediniyitining bir ewladi bolup tereqqiy qildi hem 13-esirdin 15-esrgiche Rosiye Mongghullarning hökümranliqi astida turdi. Rosiye asasen dégüdek özini ghérip medeniyiti salahiyitige ige qilidighan tarixiy hadisilerni bashtin kechürmigen, kechürsimu nahayiti az bolghan, mesilen, rum katolik dini, féodalizm, edebiyat-sen’et güllinishi, diniy islahat, kéngeymichilik, mustemlikileshtürüsh, aqartish herkiti we milliy döletlerning meydan’gha kélishi qatarliqlar. Gherp medeniyitining sekkiz alahidilikining yettisi---din, til, din bilen siyasining ayrilishi, qanun bilen bashqurush, ijtimaiy köp menbechilik, wekil apparatliri, shexischilikler pütünley dégüdek rosiyining tarixida mewjut bolghan emes. Emma, birdinbir éhtimalliqqa ige ayrim ehwal wizantiye arqiliq Rosiyege tarqalghan grétsiye, rumlarning klassik mirasliri. Shunga, bu rumdin biwasite gherpke tarqalghinidin zor derijide perqlinidu. Rosiye medeniyiti kéwian we muskwadin ibaret yerlik menbening, wizantiyening küchlük tesirining we Mongghullarning uzaq hökümranlighining mehsuli. Bu tesirler xilmuxil küchlerning tesiride kélip chiqqan gherbiy yawropa bilen qilche oxshimaydighan bir xil jem’iyet we hezaretni meydangha keltürdi.

17-esirning axirliri impérator pétir 1697-1698-yilighiche bolghan yawropa sepiride rosiyining yawropagha oxshashimaydighanlighini hem yawropadin köp arqida ikenlikini bayqidi . u öz dölitini zamaniwilashturushqa we gherbleshtürüshqa bel baghlidi, u xelqini yawropaliqlargha téximu oxshitish üchün, Rosiyege qaytip kelgendin kéyin qilghan birinchi ish aq söngeklerning saqilini chüshürghüzüsh boldi hem ularning uzun yektek, uchluq qalpaq kiyishini cheklidi cheklidi. Pétir gerche sirillirlik élipbeni bikar qilmighan bolsimu, uni özgerti we addiylashturdi hem uninggha gherbning söz birikmilirini kirgüzdi. U yene Rosiye armiyisini tereqqiy qildurush we zamaniwilashturushni birinchi orunda qoydi. Bir déngiz armiyisi qurdi. Esker békitish tüzümi békitip, dölet mudapiye sanaitini berpa qildi. Téxnika mekteplirini tesis qildi, gherpke oqushqa adem ewetti, hem gherbtin qoral, paraxot yasash, déngizchiliq, bashqurush tüzülmisi, shundaqla herbiy unum üchün kem bolsa bolmaydighan bilim-téxnikilarni kirgüzdi. Bu islahatlarni élip bérish üchün, u baj tüzülmisini zor küch bilen islahat qildi we kéngeytti. Hetta, u hökümranliqning kéyinki mezgilliride hökümet qurulmisini özgertip teshkillidi. Impérator pétir rosiyini bir yawropa dölitila emes, belki yawropadiki chong dölet qilishqa bel baghlidi. U moskwani tashlap, san pétirborgda yéngi paytext qurup, shiwétsiyige “shimal urishi” qozghidi. Meqsidi rosiyening baltiqdiki hökümranliq ornini hem özining yawropadiki mewjutluqini tiklesh idi.

Emma, u dölitini gherbleshturush we zamaniwilashturush bilen birge diktatora tüzülmisini mukemmelleshtürüsh arqiliq siyasi we ijtimaiy köp menmenchilikni keltürüp chiqiridighan har qandaq yoshurun yiltiz larni yoqitip, rosiyining asiyache alahidilikini kücheytti. Rosiyide aqsöngeklerning küchi ezeldin küchlük bolmighan. Pétir aqsöngeklerning wezipe ötüshini kéngeytip, kélip chiqishi yaki ijtimayi ornini emes, belki töhpisini asas qilidighan derije tüzümini berpa qilip, ularning ornini yenimu ajizlashturdi. Aqsöngek larmu déhqanlargha oxshash mejburiyet öteydighan bolup, kiyin kustinni ghezeplendürüwetken “tiz pukken aqsöngekler tüzümi’’ shekillendi. yanchilar aptonomiyisi téhimu qeklendi, chünki ular yer we pomshichiklargha téhimu mehkem baghliwétildi. Prawoslawiye dini ilgiri döletning kontrolliqida idi, kiyin uni char padishah teyinligen dini kéngesh kontrol qilidighan we özgertip teshkilleydighan boldi. Shu waqttiki warisliq tüzümni meyli qandaq bolmisun, char padishah özining warisini belgilesh hoquqigha érishi. Bu özgirishler arqiliq pétir bir tereptin Rosiyide zamaniwilashturush bilen gherpleshtürüshni zich baghlisa, yene bir tereptin diktatura tüzümni ornitip, her ikkila jehette ülge tiklep berdi. Lénin, stalin lar, yékatirna II we Aléksandir II lermu yene melum derijide pétirning endizisige egiship, her xil usullar bilen rosiyini gherpleshtürüsh we zamaniwilashturush qa tirishti. Shuning bilen birge mustebit hoquqinimu kücheytti. az dégendimu 20-esirning 80-yillirining bashlirighiche, Rosiyide démokratiyini teshebbus qilghuchilar adette asasen dégüdek gherpleshtürgüchiler idi, emma, gheriplishish ni teshebbus qilghuchilar démokratiyini teshebbus qilghuchilar emes idi. Rosiyining tarixi sawaqliri merkizi hakim mutleqliqning ijtimaiy we siyasi islahatning aldinqi sherti bolghanliqida. 20-esirnning 80-yillirining axiri gorbachifning hemkarlashquchiliri ashkariliqning iqtisatni erkinleshtürüshke élip kelgen tosalghulirigha qarshi turghanda, bupakitni tonup yitelmigenlikidin qattiq epsuslandi.

Pétirning rosiyini yawropaning bir qismigha aylandurushi yawropani rosiyining bir qismi qilishidin muweppeqiyetlik boldi. Osmanli émpériyisige sélishturma bolghini shuki, Rosiye émpériyisi tediriji halda yawropa xelqara séstimisining asasliq heqliq, dep qaraldi. Dölet ichide pétirning islahati bezibir özgirishlerni élip keldi, emma uning jemiyiti yenila arilashma jemiyet idi. Azraq serxillarni hésapqa almighanda, asiya we Wizantiyining usuli, tüzülmisi, étiqadi Rosiye jemiyitide yenila yétekchi orunda idi, buninggha nisbeten, yawropaliqlar wee ruslarmu mushundaq qarashta. Di mastiré mundaq deydu; “bir rusning yaqisidin alsang, bir tatarni yarilandurup qoyisan”. Bétir bir arsaldi dölet qurup chiqti. 19-esinde slawizmchilar we gherplishishni teshebbus qilghuqilarning hemmisi bu bexitsiz dölet üchün qayghurushti hemde bu xil weziyetni rosiyining özining jewherliri bilen üzül-késil yawropalishish yaki yawropaning tesirini yoqitish arqiliq axirlashturush mesilside keskin talash-tarrish yüz berdi. Chaadayifdek gherplishishni teshebbus qilghuchilarmu; “quyash gheripning quyashi”, ruslar uning bilen özining warisliq qilish tüzümini yortishi we özgertishi kérek, dédi. Danilwéskiydek slawizmchilarning gep-sözlirini taki 20-esirning 90-yilliridimu anglighili bolatti. U yawropalishish tirishchanliqini “kishilerning turmush usulini yoqqa chiqirip, yat, chet elche formilarni öz formilirimizgha dessitish’’, “chet el tüzümlirini ariyetke élip, uni Rosiye tupriqigha köchürüsh”, “sirttin kelgen yawropa mewqeside turup rosiyining ichi, xelqara munasiwetliri we turmush mesilisige qarash xuddi ilgirikidekla ruslarni ywropaghila mas kélidighan köz eynek bilen közetkenlik” dep eyiiiplidi. Uningdin kiyinki Rosiye tarixida pétir gherplishishni teshebbus qilghuchilarning qelbide qehrimangha, qarshi turghuchilarning qelbide bolsa sheytangha aylandi. Kéyinkilerning eng esebiy wekilliri 20-esirning 20-yilliridiki yawro-asiyachilar bolup, ularning petirni hain dep eyiplidi. Hem bbolshiwiklarning gherplishishtin waz kéchip, yawropagha hiris qilghinidin hem qaytidin moskwa gha köqüp kirginidin tentene qilishti.

Boshiwiklar inqilabi Rosiye bilen gherb munasiwitining 3- basquchini achti. U ilgirki ikki esirge sozulghan chüshiniksiz, müjimel 2- basquchqa qetiy oxshimaydu. U bir xil gherbte berpa qilinghan, emma gherb idéologiyiside mewjut bolalmaydighan siyasiy, iqtisadiy tüzüm ornatti. Slawizmchilar we gherbleshtürgüchiler Rosiye gherbning keynide qalmayla qalmastin, yene gherbke oxshashmaymu mewjut bolup turalamdu? Dégen mesile üstide talash-tartish qilishqanidi. Kommunistlar bu mesilini qaltis jayida hel qildi: ular Rosiye gherbke oxshashmaydu hem gherbke qetiy qarshi turidu, chünki u gherbtin ilghar, u kelgüside pütün dunyani qaplaydighan proltariyat inqilabigha rehberlik qilidu, dep qaridi. Rosiye asiyaning qalaq ötmüshini emes, ilghar sowétning kelgüsini gewdilendürdi. Emeliyette, inqilab rosiyini gherbning aldigha ötküzüwetti, uni gherbtin perqlendürdi. Xuddi bir slawizmchi éytqandek, “siler bizge oxshashmaysiler, shunga biz silerdek bolmaymiz” emes, belki kommunistik intérnatsionalda éytilghandek: “biz oxshashmaymiz, shunga siler axir bizdek bolisiler boldi.

Wehalenki, kommunizm sowét ittipaqi rehberlirini gherbtin ayrighandin bashqa, yene ular bilen gherb arisida küchlük munasiwet ornatti. Marks we éngilés gérpaniyilik, 19- esirning axiri we 20- esirning bashlirida ularning idiyisining asasliq sherhligüchiliri asasen gherbi yawropaliq. 1910- yiligha kelgende gherbi yawropa jemiyitidiki nurghun ishchilar teshkilatliri, ijtimaiy démokratik partiyiler we ishchilar partiyiliri ularning idéologiyisige étiqad qilatti hem gherbi yawro pada tesiri barghanséri zorayghan idi. Bolshéwik inqilabidin kéyin , yawropadiki sol qanat partiyiler kompartiye we sotsiyal partiyiler bolup bölündi. Bular yawropa jemiyitidiki küchlük küchler idi. Köp sandiki gherb döletliride marksizm qarashliri nahayiti bazar tapqan idi. Kommunizm we sotsiyalizm kelgüsining yüzlinishi dep qaralghan hem bundaq yaki undaq shekiller bilen siyasi serxillar ilim serxillirining himayisige érishkenidi. Shunga, rosiyidiki slawizmchilar bilen gherbleshtürgüchiler arisidiki rosiyining kelgüsi heqqidiki talash-tartishlarning ornini yawropa sol qanatliri we ong qanatlirining gherbning kelgüsi heqqidiki talash-tartishliri, shundaqla Rosiyide ashu kelgüsige bolghan yüzlinish alametliri barmu-yoq, dégen talash-tartishlar aldi. 2- dunya urushidin kéyin so wit ittipaqining küchi kommunizmning gherbtiki, bolupmu eng muhimi gherb kontrol qilghan gheyriy gherb medeniyiti jemietliridiki jelpkarliqini kücheytti. gheyriy gherb jemietliride gherbni aldimaqchi bolghan serxillar özi belgilesh, démokratiye dégenlerning gépini tola qilidu. Gherb bilen qarshilashmaqchi bolghan serxillar bolsa inqilab we milliyche azadliq herketlirini qozghaydu.

Gherbning idéologiyisini qollinish we uning bilen gherbke xiris qilish arqiliq ruslar melum menidin éytqanda tarixtiki herqandaq dewrdikidin gherbke téximu yéqinlashti hem gherbke téhimu ching chigildi. Gerche liberalism idéologiyisi bilen kommunizm idéologiyisining perqi bek zor bolsimu, melum menidin alghanda, ular yenila oxshash tilda sözleydu, kommunizm we sowt ittipaqining gumran bolishi gherb we Rosiye arisidiki bu xil siyasiy – idéologiyining öz ara rol oynishini axirlashturdi. Gherb erkin démokratiye axiri pütün sabiq sowt ittipaqi imqériyiside ghelbe qilidu, dep qaraydu hem shuni ümid qilidu. Wahalenki, bu kelgüsige pütiwétilgen ish emas. 1995-yilghiche erkin démokratiyining Rosiye we bashqa prawoslawiye jumhuriyetliridiki kelgüsi tolimu xire idi. Buningdin bashqa, ruslar barghanseri marksizmchilar gha emes, özige oxhsashqa bashlidi. Ruslar ghérip arsidiki hang kéngiyip ketti. Erkin démokratiye bilen marksizm, léninizzm arissiddiki toqunush idélogoyidiki toqunushtin ibaret. Gerche ularning arisidiki perq zor bolsimu, ular yenila zamaniwi, dindin xaliy, hemde eng axirida erkin, barawer, parawan jem’iyetni ishqa ashurushni meqset qilidu. Bu gherb démokiratchisi bir sowét ittipaqi marksizmchi bilen idiye jehette munazire élip baralaydu, emma bir prawuslawiye dini milletchisi bilen bolsa mumkin emes.

Sowét ittipaqi dewride solzjéntsénlar we saxaroflarning kommunizm telimatigha jeng élan qilishi bilen slawizjmchilar we gherplashtürgüchiler arisidiki küresh toxtidi. Kommunizm telimatining gumran bolushigha egiship, rosiyining heqqidiki bas-munaziriler yene qaynap ketti. Rosiye gherbning qimmet qarishi, tüzülme, emeliyet lirini qobul qilishi, gherpning bir ezasi bolush kérekmu? Yaki Rosiye yawropa we asiyani baghlaydighan özgiche prawoslawiye dini we yawro-asiya mediniyitini gewdilendurush kérekmu? Uning yawropa bilen asiyani baghlaydighan alahide, héchqaysi medeniyette yoq wezipisi bolghachqa, u ghrp madiniyiti bilen oxshashmaydu. Bu mesililerde ilim we siyasi sahediki serxillar ham awam arisida keskin ixtilap yüz berdi. Bir terep gheriplishish, “dunyawilishish” yaki “atlantiklishish” ni yeshebbus qilidu; yene bir tereptin, slawizimchilarning warisliri bolup, kishiler ularni “milletchiler”, “yawro-asiyachilar” yaki “küchlük döletning qollighuchiliri”, digendek namlar bilen ataydu.

Bu guruhlar aridiki asasliq ixtilap tashqi siyaset jehettiki hem melum derijide iqtisadiy islahat we döletning qurulmisi heqqidiki ixtilaplardur. Köz qarashlar bu qutuptin u qutupqa sekrep yüridu. Munazirichilerning bir teripi bolsa gorbachif himaye qilghan hem merkezlik gewdilendürgen “ortaq yawropa ailisi” nishanidiki “yéghi tepekkur” ni terghip qilghuchilar, shundaqla yilitsinning nurghun ali derijilik meslihetchiliri. Ular mundaq bir ortaq arzuni ipadilidi: Rosiye bir “normal dölet” ke aylinishi üchün, asasliq yette sanaet dölitining sekkizinchi ezaliqigha qobul qilinishi kérek. Ségéy stankiwichtek mötidil millatchimu Rosiye “atlantizim” yolini tashliwétip, bashqa döletlerdiki ruslarning turmushini bashta nezerge élishi, türkiye we musulmanlar bilen bolghan munasiwetni tekitlishi, “asiya we sherqqe paydiliq bolush pirinsipini chiqish qilip, bayliqlirimizni muwapiq texsimlep, tallash, munasiwet, menpeetlirimizni qaytidin teshkillishimiz kérek” dep qaridi. Bundaq teshebbustikiler yélitsinning rosiyining menpeetini gherpning menpeetige boy sundurghanliqini rosiyining herbi küchini ajizlashturup, sérbiyidek dostlirini qolliyalmighinini, rosiyighe ziyanliq iqtisadiy, siyasi islahat élip barghanliqini tenqid qildi. Bu xil yüzlinishning belgisi pétir swittiskining idiyisining qayta bazar tapqanliqi idi. U 20-yillarda Rosiye bir yekke-yigane yawro-asiya medeniyiti dégenidi.

Bir qeder esebiy milletchiler solzhétsséndek Rus milletqiliri we imp’’eriye milletchiliri dep ikkige bölündi. Solzhétssén barliq Ruslarni öz ichige alghan hem yéqin munasiwetke ige silawiyan prawuslawiye dinidiki we okrainaliqlarnimu qoshuwalghan, buningdin bashqa millet yoq bolghan bir Rosiye qurushni teshebbus qilatti. Kéyinkisi, mesilen, wiladimir zirinowiskidekler sowét ittipaqi impériyisini qaytidin qurushni, rusiyining herbiy küchini eslige keltürüshni teshebbus qilatti. Bular yehudiylarghimu, gherbkimu qarshi bolup, rosiyining diplomatiye siyasitini sherq we jenubqa qaritishni yaki musulmanlar jenubini (zirinowiski küchep teshebbus qilghan) kontrol qilishni we yaki musulmanlar bilen birliship gherbke qarishi turushni xalaytti. Milletchiler hen sérblarning musulmanlar bilen bolghan urushni qollaytti. Dunyawizmchilar we milletchilerning ixtilapi apparat jehette diplomatiye ministirliqi we herbi terepning pikir ixtilapida hem yélitsinning diplomatiye we bixeterlik siyasitining bir nishanidin yene bir nishanigha özgergenlikide eks étidu.

Rus jamaiti dimu mushundaq ixtilaplar körüldi. 1992-yili yawropadiki 2061 neper rosiyilikke qaritilghan bir qétimliq nuqtiliq tekshürüshte 40% adem “gherbke échiwétishni qollighan”, 30% adem “gherbni qobul qilmighan”; 24% adem “héchnime dimigen”. 1993-yildiki parlamént saylimida islahatni qollaydighan partiye we milletqi partiyiler 43.3% awazgha, otturdiki partiyiler 13.7% awazgha érishken. Shuninggha oxshash, 1996-yili 6-aydiki zungtung saylimida rusiyiliklerde yene bir qétim ixtilap yüz berdi. Texminen 43% adem gherbning közi chüshken yëlitsinni we islahatni qollaydighan partiyilerning namzatini qollighan, 52% adem milletchiler we kompartiye namzatlirigha bélat tashlighan. Rosiyining salayitidin ibaret bu merkizi mesilide 20-yillardiki Rosiye yenila bir arsaldi halette idi. Gherp-slawizmdin ibaret ikki yaqlimliq “rus millitining qénigha singip ketken xususiyiti”.

Türkiye. 20-esirning 20-we30-yilllirida inchikilik bilen pilanlan’ghan bir qatar islahatlarda ata türk mustapa kamal xelqni osmanli impériyisi we musulmanlarning tarixidin qutuldurmaqchi bolghanidi. Kamalizmning asasliq pirinsipi yaki “alte belgisi”—narod nikizm, jumhuriyetchilik, milletchilik, elmaniye, döletchilik we islahatchiliqtin ibaret. Kamal köp milletlik impériye idiyisidin waz kechti. Meqsiti bir oxshash terkiblik milliy dölet qurup chiqish idi. Bu jeryanda erminiyikler we gréklar sürgün we qirghingha uchridi. Uningdin kéyin u sultanliq tüzümni bikar qilip, gherbche jumhuriyet tüzümini qurdi. U xelpining orninimu bikar qildi (xelpe diniy nopuzning wekili). En’eniwi maarip ministirliqi we diniy ministirliqlarni emeldin qaldurup, musteqil diniy mekteplerni bikar qilip, birlikke kelgen dindin xaliy ammiwi maarip tüzümini ornatti. Islam qanuni qollinidighan qazixana (sot)larning ornigha shwétsariye xelq qanuni asasigha qurulghan yéngi qanun tüzümni dessetti. U Girigoriye miladiye kaléndarini en’eniwi kalindarning ornigha almashturdi. Islam dinining dölet dinlik ornini bikar qildi. Impérator pétirdin örnek élip kishilerni türkche bash kiyim kiyishtin cheklep, qalpaq kiyishke ilhamlandurdi. Chünki türkche bash kiyim islam dinining en’eniwi simwoli idi.

Ereb yéziqi asasidiki türk yéziqini emes, rum yéziqini ishlitishni éniq belgilidi. Bu islahat nahayiti muhim?“buning bilen rum yéziqida sawat chiqarghanlar ilgirki nurghun matiryal larni körelmeydighan boldi, U kishilerni yawropaning tillirini öginishke ilhamlandurdi, sawatsizliq mesilisini xéli zor derijide hel qildi”. 30-yillarda mustapa kamal türk xelqining milli, siyasi, dinni we hezaret salahiytini qayta turghuzghandin kiyin, türkiyining iqtisadini tereqqiyatini aktip ilgiri sürdi. Gherblishish zamaniwilishish bilen qol tutushup teng ilgirilidi hem gherblishish zamaniwillishishni ishqa ashuridighan qoral qilip belgilendi.

1939-yilidin 1945-yilighicche bolghan gherbtiki urushta, türkiye yenila bitereplikni saqlidi. Emma, urushtin kéyin dergal gherb bilen salahiyetlendi. Gherbke egishidighanliqini ipadilesh üchün bir partiyilik tüzümni téximu köp partiyilik tüzümge köchti. Mustapa kamal wezxanliq qilip yürüp axir 1952- yili turkiyini shimaliy atlantik ehdi teshkilatigha eza qildi. Gherbning nechche yüz milyon amirika dolliriliq iqtisadiy, bixeterlik yardimini qobul qildi. Uning armiyisini gherb meshqlendurdi we qorallandurdi hem shimaliy atlantik ehdi teshkilatining qomandanliq sistémisigha kirgüzüldi. Zéminida amérika herbiy baza qurdi. Gherb türkiyeni sowét ittipaqining ottura déngiz, ottura sherq, pars qoltuqigha kéngiyishini tosidighan sherqtiki istihkam dep qarashqa bashlidi. Türkiye bilen gherbning bu xil alaqisi we uning gherb bilen salahiyetlinishi 1955-yili chaqirilghan bandung yighinida gheyri gherb döletliri we itpaq tüzmeydighan döletlerning eyiplishighe uchiridi hem islam döletliri uninggha munapiq, dep hujum qildi.

Soghuq munasiwetler urushi axirlashiqandin kiyin, türkiyining serxillirining köpvnchisi yenila türkiyining gherp we yawropaning bir ezasi boluxni qollidi. Ulargha nispeten shimali atlantik ehti teshkilatining ezaliqini saqlash kem bolsa bolmaydu.vnki, u arqiliq gherp bilen zich eshkili baghlinishini saqlighili bolidu ham u géritsiye bilen tengpung turushtimu kam bolsa bolmaydu emma, türkiye bilen gherpning itpaq tüzüshi uning shimali atlantik ehti teshkilatining ezaliq ornidila ipadilinidu, u soghuq munasiwetler urushining mehsuli. Soghuq munasiwetler urushining axirlishishi ikkisining itpaq tüzüshidiki asasliq sewepni yoqatti hem buxil munasiwetning suslishishi we qyta békitilishini keltürüp chiqardi. Ghrpke nispeten, türkiye emdi shimaldin kelgen tehditni tosidighan tosidighan kargha këlidighan istikam emes, belki huddi déngiz qoltiqi urushidikdak janoptin kélidighan ikkilemchi tehditke taqabil turidighan hemrah boldi. Bu urushta türkiye iraq néfit ining uttura déngizgha tutishidighan türkiye chigrasi ichidiki néfit turubisini étish we Iraqqa zerbe béridighan amérika ayropilanlirining türkiye hawa armiye baziliridin kötürülishige ruxset qilish arqiliq sadamhuseyinge qarshi ittipaq qa muhim yardem berdi. Emma, zungtungi özel chiqarghan bu qarar türkiye dölet ichide qattiq dolqun peyda qilip, türkiyining diplomatiye ministiri, dölet mudapie ministiri we bash senmujangning istépa bérishini keltürüp chiqardi hemde özel bilen amérikining yéqin hemkarliqigha qarshi keng kölemlik namayish yuz berdi. Uningdin kéyin zungtungi démiril we zungli sillir bdt ning Iraqqa qaratqan imbargosini tézrek axirlashturushni telep qildi. Bu xil imbargo turkiyigimu éghir iqtisadiy yuk peyda qildi. Türkiyining gherb bilen hemkarliship, jenubtin kélidighan islam tehditige taqabil turush xahishi uning gherb bilen birliship sowétning tehditige taqabil turush xahishidin bekrek éniq siz bolup qaldi. Déngiz qoltuqi krizisida türkiyining en eiwi ittipaqdishi Gérmaniye Iraqning turkiyige qilghan bashqurulidighan bomba hujumini shimaliy atlantik ehdi teshkilatigha qilinghan hujum dep qarash qa qarshi turdi. Bu ishmu türkiyining jenubtin kélidighan tehditke taqabil turushta gherbning yardimini kütüshning exmiqanilik ikenlikini bildürdi. Soghuq munasiwetler urushida sowét ittipaqi bilen qarshilishish türkiyining medeniyet salahiyiti mesilisini qozghiyalmighanidi, soghuq munasiwetler urushidin kéyin ereb döletliri bilen bolghan munasiwet bu mesilini utturigha élip chiqti.

80- yillardin bashlap…

Méksika. Türkiye 20-yillardila bir arisaldi dölet idi. Méksika 80-yillargha kelgende andin mushundaq dölet boldi. Emma, ularning gherb bilen bolghan tarixi munasiwitide bezi oxshiship kétidighan jaylar bar. Turkiye ge oxshash, méksikimu özgiche gheyriy gherb hezaritige ige. Xuddi oktawio paz körsetkinidek: “Méksikining yadrosi yenila in dian hezariti, yawropache hezaret emes”. Osmanli impériyisige oxshash, méksikimu 19-esirde gherb jahangirliri teripidin böluwélinghan. Yene turkiyige oxshash, 20-esirning 20-30-yillirida inqilab arqiliq milli salahiyetge ige yéngi asas we yéngi bir partiyilik siyasiy tuzum berpa qildi. Wehalenki, turkiyede inqilab en’eniwi islam hezariti we osmanli impiriyisi hezaritidin waz kéchishni, shundaqla gherb hezaritini qobul qilishni we gherbke qatnishishni oz ichige alghan. Méksikida bolsa rosiyidikidek, inqilab gherb medeniyitini qobul qilidighan, sighduridighan bezi amillarni öz ichige alghan. Bu bir xil gherb kaptalizimi we démokratiye tüzülmisige qarshi turidighan yéngi milletchilikni keltürüp chiqarghan. Shu sewebtin, 60-yillarda türkiye özini yawropa döliti qilishqa urunghan, méksika bolsa özini amérika bilen qarshilishidighan dölet qilishqa orunghan. 30-yillardin 80-yillarghiche méksika rehberliri izchil amérika menpeitige xiris qilidighan iqtisadiy we diplomatiye siyasiti yürgüzgen.

Awstraliye. Rosiye, türkiye, Méksikigha sélishturghanda, awstraliye ezeldin bir gherb döliti idi. U 20-esirning otturilirida awwal engliye bilen uningdin kéyin amérika bilen yéqin ittipaq tuzdi. Soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilide bu gherbning la emes, belki yene amérika-engliye-kanada-awstraliye herbiy ishlar we axbarat ornining ezasi boldi. Emma, 90-yillarning bashlirida awstraliye rehberliri awstraliye ni gherbtin ayrip, özini qaytidin asiya döliti qilip békitish ni hem özi bilen zémin jehette qoshna döletler bilen yéqin munasiwet ornitish ni qarar qildi. Zungli paul kiting awstraliye emdi “impériyining bir qismi emes”. U choqum bir jumhuriyet bolushi hemde asiyagha “qétilish” ni nishan qilishi kérek, dep jakarlidi. U bir musteqil döletlik salahiyitini turghuzush üchün, buni zörör dep qaridi hemde “dunya sehniside awstraliye bir hezaretlik jemiyet halitide özige wekillik qilip, asiya bilen bérish-kélish qilip, munasiwet ornitip yürse, bu munasiwet qayil qilish küchige ige bolmay qalidu hem héchbolmighanda asasiy qanun jehettimu yenila bir shaxlanma jemiyet bolup turalmaydu ”dédi. Nechche yildin buyan awstraliye “engliye pereslik we paralich késili”ning derdini yetküche tartti. Diplomatiye ministiri gars éwanis mushuninggha oxshash terzde mundaq deydu: engliye bilen izchil alaqini saqlash bizning milli hezaritimiz, iqtisadiy istiqbalimiz we asiya, ténch okyandiki teqdirimizni selbiy tesirge uchritidu.

Gherb wirusliri we hezaret rohi yimirilish késili. Awstraliye asiyagha egiship mangghanda, bashqa arisaldi döletler- türkiye, méksika, rosiyiler gherbni öz jemiyitige kirgüzüshke tirishiwatatti. Emma, ularning kechurmishliri yerlik hezaretning eslige keltürüsh, uyushturush küchini , shundaqla ularning özining yéngilash, taqabil turush, cheklesh, gherbtin kirgen nersilerge qandaq maslishish iqtidari barliqini roshen körsitip qoydi. Gerche gherbni ret qilish aqmisimu, kamalizmmu muweppeqiyetlik bolmidi. Eger gheyriy gherb jemiyetliri zamaniwilashturushni ishqa ashurmaqchi bolidiken, choqum gherbning emes, özining yolida méngishi kérek, yaponiyidin örnek élip, özining en’enisi, tuzulmisi, qimmet qarashliridin toluq paydilinip, shu asasta zamaniwilashturushni ishqa ashurush kérek.

Siyasiy rehberler körenglik bilen öz jemiyitimizdiki hezaritimizni tüptin qayta quralaymiz, dep qaraydu. Bu muqerrer meghlup bolidu. Gerche ular gherb hezaritining amillirini kirguzelisimu, bu amillar öz dölitining yerlik hezaritining yadroluq amillirining ornini menggü basalmaydu, ularni yoq qiliwételmeydu. Eksiche, gherbning wirusliri birer jemiyetke yiltiz tartip qalidiken, uni yiltizidin yoqatmaq tes. Wirus mewjut bolup turiwéridu, emma janni alalmaydu. Bimar yenila yashiyalaydu, emma menggü mukemmel bolalmaydu. Siyasiy rehberler tarixni yritalaydu, emma tarixtin özini qachuralmaydu, ular arisaldi döletlerni meydangha keltürdi. Emma, gherb jemiyitini yaritalmaydu. Ular dölitige bir hezaret rohi yimirlish késili yuqturup qoydi, bu shu döletning uzaq muddetlik, éniq bir alahidiliki bopqalidu.

7- bap yadro döletler chembirek we mediniyet tertipi

Medeniyet we tertip

Shekilliniwatqan yer shari siyasiysida asasliq medeniyetlerning yadro döletliri soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilidiki ikki derijidin tashqiri chong döletning ornini ‘’elip , bashqa döletlerni özige tartidighan we tépidighan bir nechche asasliq qutupqa ayliniwatidu. Bu özgirishler gherb medeniyiti we junghua medeniyetliride nahayiti roshen ipadilendi. medeniyet guruhliri mushundaq shekilliniwatidu. U yadro döletlerni , eza döletlerni , qoshna döletlerdiki hezarette ohshiship kitidighan az sanliq milletlerni , yadroluq döletler biheterlik éhtiyaji tüpeylidin kontirol qilishni ümid qilidighan bashqa hezaretke tewe milletlirini öz ichige alidu. Bu hil haletler medeniyetler guruhi ichidiki döletlerning bir yadro dölet yaki bir nechche yadro döletni chöridep , ularning etrapidiki dairige chéchilish, ularning ashu medeniyet bilen salahiyetlinishish we mushu medeniyet guruhlirigha kirish derijisini ekis etturup berdi. Islam dunyasida hemme ‘’etirap qilghan bir yadro dölet yoq. Ular ortaq tonushni kücheytiwétidu, emma hazirghiche aran bir iptidaiy ortaq siyasiy qurulma shekillendurdi .

Döletler hezariti ohshishidighan döletlerge egishishke ,hezaret ortaqliqi yoq döletler bilen tépishishke mayil.yadro döletlerni ‘’elip éytsaq ,ehwal tehimu shundaq .ularning küchi hezaret jehette özliri bilen ohshash döletlerni jelip qildi, ohshimaydighan döletlerni chetke qaqti. Yadro döletler biheterlik éhtiyaji tüpeylidin bashqa medeniyetke tewe milletlerge singip kirishke we ularni idare qilishqa urunushi mumkin . tarihi munasiwet we küchler tengpungluqi éhtiyaji bilen bezi döletler özining yadro dölitining tesirige qarshi turidu .gruzuye we rossiye pirawosliye dini döliti , emma girizuye tarihta izchil rosiyige qaeshi turghan ,yene shundaqla Rosiye bilen bolghan yéqin munasiwetni saqlighan .wýtnam we junggo kungzi medeniyitige tewe döletler ,emma tarihta ularning arisida düshmenlishish yuz bergen .emma waqitning ötishige egiship ,hezaret ortaqliqi ,shundaqla huddi gherbi yawropa döletliridikidek téhimu keng dairide , téhimu küchlük medeniyet éngining shekillinishi belkim bu döletlerni bir birighe baghlishi mumkin.

Soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilide her qandaq tertip derijidin tashqiri döletlerning öz lagiridiki kontrolligh we üchünchi dunya elliridiki tesirning mexsoli idi. Shekiliniwatqan xazirqi dunyada bolsa , yer shari haraktirlikchong döletning waqti ötti, yer shari ortaq gewdisi peqet bir chushke aylinip qaldi. Héchqandaq bir döletning ,hetta amirikiningmu yer shari xaraktirlik bixeterlik menpeiti qalmidi. Bügünki téximu murekkep ,köp terkiblik dunyada tertibning terkibi qisimliri medeniyetlerning ichki qisimida we mediniyetler arisida mewjut . dunya tertipi ya medeniyet asasigha qurulidu. Yaki boshluqtiki rawaqqa aylinip qalidu. Hazirqi dunyada , mediniyetning yadro döletliri medeniyetning ichki qisimidi tertipning menbesi, yadro arisidi söhbetler medeniyetler arisidiki tertipning menbesi. Yadro döletler rehberlik rolini oynighan dunya- bir küchler tesiri rayonlirigha bölüngen dunyadur. Emma, yene shundaqla, bir kursetken tesiri, bashqa shunungha oxshash mediniyetke ige döletler teripidin ajizlitilghan dunya. Hezaret ortaqliqi yadro döletletlening eza döletlerge we tashqi dölet apieratlirigha bolghan rehberlikni, ulargha tertip tangidighan rolini heqliqqa ige qilidu. Emma b d t bash katipi ghali 1994-yili bir küch tesiri dairisini saqlash qaidisini élan qildi. Yeni; yétekchi orungha ige rayen xaraxrtirlik chong döletning bdt rayon xariktirlik küchning ornini alalmaydu. Yadro duler öz mediyitidiki bashqa döletler bilen bolghanmunasiwette rayon xaraktérlik hoquqini yürgüzgende, bu xil hoquq hem ishenchilik bolidu hem heqliqliqqa ige bolidu.

Yadro döletlerning tertip saqlash funksiyisini jari qilduralishi, eza döletlernig uni hezarette tuqqinimiz dep qarighanliqidin bolidu. Mediniyet bir chongaytilghan aile, yadro dölet shu ailidiki bir moysipitqa oxshaydu, u bashqa tuqqanliri üchün intizam tüzüp béridu we yúletchük bolidu. Eger mundaq tuqqanliq munasiwiti bolmisa, téximu küchlük bir döletning ularning rayon toqunushini hel qilish we tertiplerni ulargha téngish iqdidari cheklimige uchraydu. Pakistan,bén’gal hetta sérlankimu hindistanning jenobi asiya tertipinining qoghdighuchisi bolishini qobul qilishni xalimaydu. Héchqandaq bir jenobi asiya döliti yapunniyening bundaq fonkisyesini jari qildurishni téximu xalimaydu. Mdiyette yadro dölet bolmighanda, mediyetler ichide tertip turghuzush we mediniyetler arisida sühbet arqiliq tertip tughuzush Intayin qiyin bir mesilige aylinip qalidu. Mediyette yadro döliti bolmighanda, mediyetler ichido tertip turghuzush we mediyetler arisida súhbot arqiliq tertip turghuzush intayin bir qiyin mesilige aylinip qalidu. Xuddi rosiyening sibiriye bilen, Gérmaniyining krodiye bilen bolghan munasiwitidek, bosiniye bilen shundaq munasiwet ornatqan birer nopizluq, heqliq islam döliti yoq. Shunung bilen amrika bu rolni sinap béqishqa mejbor boldi. Amrikining buchigraliri sabiq yuguslawiye dowrde sizilghan bu rayonda istiratigiyilik menpeiti bolmighanliqi; amrika bilen bossiniyining hezaret baghlinish bolmasliqi; yawrupaning yawrupada bir musulman döliting qurulushigha qarshi turushi, amrikining bu rolni sinap sinap béqishini ünümsiz bir rolgha aylanduriup qoydi. Afriqa we arep döletliring yadro döliti bolmasliqi sudanda élip bériliwatqan ichki urushni hel qilish tirishchanliqlirini tolimu murokkepleshturup qoydi. Yene bir jehettin, yadro dölet qeyerde bolsa, ular mediniyet asasida yéngi xelqara tertip ornitishning asasliq amiligha aylinip qalidu.

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Gherp chigrasining shekillinishi

Soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilide amrika ghayet zor, tarqaq, kup mediyetlik döletler góróhining merkizi idi. Bu döletlerng sowit itipaqing téximu kéngiyishini tosushtek ortaq bir nishani bar idi. Bu goroxlarng erkin dunya yaki ittipaq dölet dep nami bolup, nurghun döletlerni öz ichge alghanidi. emma, bu döletlerning hemmisila ghérip döliti emes idi. Mesilen, türkiye, giritsiye, yaponiye, koriye, filipin, Israiliye we téximu köng dairide taylant, pakistanlar. Buning eksiche bolghini, terkibi sel oxshimaydighan döletler gorohi mesilen, barliq prawoslawiye dini döletliri, tarixta izchil gheripke tewe bolup kelgen bir nechche dölet, wéytnam, kuba, taraq menide hindistan we bir nechche afriqa döliti bar. Soghuq munasiwetler urushining axirlishishigha egiship, bu ikki kup mediniyetlik, hezaret halqighan goroh bolup ketti. Séwit ittipaqi séstémising yimirilishi intayin téz boldi. Soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilidiki kúp mediniyetlik erkin dunya tolumu asta halda shuninggha oxshiship kétidighan ghérip mediyiti bilen birdeklikke ige bir yaki bir qanche goroh bolup shkilliniwatu. Hazir chégrilar shekillinsh ichide. U gherp xelqara teshkilatlarning ezaliring salahiyitini qandaq belgilesh mesilisige chétilidu. Yawrupa itipaqing yadro döletliri bolghan firansiye we girmaniyeni bashta bélgiye, gollandiye, luyksumboriikdin terkip tapqan ichki goroh chúrididi. Bu döletler mal-tawar we xadimlarning özara yürüshshidiki barliq tosalghularni yoqitishqa qoshdi, uningdin kéyin italiye, ispaniye, portugaliye, daniye, engiliye, érlandiye, giritsiye; 1995-yili eza bolghan awistiraliye, finlandiye, shiwitsiye we shu chaghda yawrupa ittipaqi bilen alaqiliship turghan polsha, wingiriye, chéxiye, slowakiye, bulghariye, ruminiyer chörididi. Bu réalliqni ekis ettürüp, 1994-yili küzde girmaniyining hakimyit tutiwatqan partiyisi we firansiyening yoqiri derijilik emeldarliri öz aldigha bir oxshashmaydighan ittipaq qurush toghurluq teklip ottutrigha qoyushti. Girmaniyining pilanii bolsa dosleptiki eza döletlerdin italiyini chiqirwétip qattiq yadro teshkil qilish; girmaniye bilen firansiye bolsa qattiq yadro ichidiki yadroni teshkil qilish; qattiq yadro döletler tézlikte bir pul ittipaqi qurush hem ularning diplomatiye siyasiti we dölet mudapiye siyasitini bir gewdilendürüsh idi. Shuning bilen bir waqitta, firansiye zunglisi Edward balladur mundaq bir üch qatlamliq ittipaq qurush teklipi berdi; birdeklishishke qoshulidighan besh yadro dölet yadro shkillendürüsh, eza bolush aldidiki döletler bolsa sirtqi halqini shelkillendürösh, uningdin kéyinla firansiye diplomatiye ministiri alayin juppi bu uqumni tepsili sherhilep; hemra döletlerning sirtqi halqisini sherqi yawrupa we ottura yawrupa döletliri shekillendüridu ; ottura halqa bezi sahelerning ortaq qaidilirini qobul qilishni xlaydighan hem shundaq qilalaydighan döletlerdin shekillinidu. Bashqa siyasiy rehberlermu mushuninggha oxshiship kétidighan orunlashturushlarni otturigha qoydi. Emma, mushu orunlarning hemmisi taki eza döletler bilen eza emes döletlerni ayriydighan chégra siziqighiche alaqisi nahayiti zich baghlanghan döletlerdin teshkillengen ichki guruh we yadro döletler bilen birdeklishishi derijisi töwenrek bolghan döletlerdin terkib tapqan sirtqi guruhqa chétildi.

Yawropa undaq bir chégra ni sizish soghuq munasiwetler urushidin kéyinki dunyada gherb duch kelgen xir sining biri. Soghuq munasiwetler urushi mezgilide bir gewde süpitidiki yawropa mewjut emes idi. Emma kommunizimning gumran bolushigha egiship , kishiler yawropa digen nime? Digen soalgha choqum yuzlenmise we buninggha jawap bermise bolmaydighan bolup qaldi. Yawropaning shimal, jenup, ghérip terepliri déngiz bilen qorshalghan., jenoptiki chigrasi hezaret jehettiki reshen liniye bilen qorshalghan. Jenoptiki chigrasi hezaret jehettiki roshen liniye bilen birdek. Emma, sheriqtiki chigra qeyerde kimler yawrupa döliti dep qarilish hem yawrupa ittipaqi, shimali atlantik ehdi teshkilati digendek teshkilatlarning yoshurun ezasi bolush kérek?

bir nechche esirdin buyan ghérip xristian dinidiki milletler bilen musulmanlar we prawoslawiye dinidiki milletlerni ayrip turghan ulugh tarixi Chigra bu suallargha eng qayil qilarliq, eng toluq jawap boldi. Bu chigrani ta 4-esirdiki rum imeryising parchilinishi we 10-esirdiki muqeddes rum impiryising qurulishugha qeder sürgili bolidighan bolup, az digendimi 500 yildin buyan asasen dégüdek hazirqi ornini saqlap klegen. U shimaldin bashlinip, hazirqi finlandiye we baltiq döletlirining Rosiye bilen bolghan chégrisini boylap, gherbi bélorosiye we okrainani késip ötüp uniatizim katolik gherbi bilen prawoslawiye sherqini ayriydu; unungdin kéyin ruminiyidiki tranzilwiyidin késip utüp, katolik dinidiki wéngriyini bu döletning bashqa qisimliridin ayriydu; uning kéyin yene slowiniye bilen krodiyini bashqa jemhoriyetler bilen ayriydighan chégrani boylap sabiq yuguslawiyeni késip ötidu. Elwette, bu chégra balqan rayonida hon impériyisi we osmanli impériyisining tarixiy chégraliri bilen mas kélip qalidu….

Edebiy Xatiriler

2006-09-28T14:57:00.000-07:00

Nurmuhemmet yasin örkishi

Menisiz hayat

Nahayiti chirayliq bir qiz bar idi. Uninggha ata - anilirila emes, belki jem'iyettiki chong - kichik hemme adem amraq idi. Uning künliri tolimu xushalliq ichide ötetti. Uni intayin kélishken, puldar bir yigit yaxshi körüp qélip ikkisi toy qildi. Qiz her xil ésil kiyimler, zibuzinnet, aliy öy jahaziliri, keng - kushade hoyla - aramgha ige boldi. Érimu uninggha hemme nersini tel qilip béretti. Néme dése shuni qilish üchün paypétek bolatti. Qarimaqqa bu qiz bekmu bextlik idi.

Emma, qiz bir küni tuyuqsiz öz turmushining nahayiti menisiz ikenlikini hés qildi. Uning esley dése esligüdek birer eslimisimu yoq idi. Xushalliq, bext dégenler uning hayatida tolup tashqan bolghachqa, u bulargha adettiki nersiler dep muamile qilatti. Uning oyiche, hemme ademning turmushi mushundaq idi. U héchqandaq jelp qilish küchi bolmighan bundaq turmushtin ümidsizlinip, axir hesret ichide özini öltürüwaldi.

Belkim bu hékaye bezilerni ejeblendürüp qoyushi mumkin. Herqandaq nerse éhtiyajdin artuq bolup ketkende, bu kishi neziride öz qimmitini yoqitip adettiki nersilerning ornigha chüshüp qalidu. Chünki bu chaghda uninggha bolghan intilish suslaydu. Qizning tragédiyisimu del mushu yerde. Hayatta biz meyli qanchilik riyazet chekmeyli, bu hergiz bizning bextsiz ikenlikimizni bildürmeydu.

Séhirlik tash

Bir ayal bolghaniken, u he désila éri bilen munazirilishishke amraq iken. Dawamliq munaziride utup chiqishni oylaydiken. Shunga gep - sözde wasite tallap olturmay udulla dewéridiken. Epsuski, munazirining dawami urush - jédel bilen axirlishidiken. Buningdin ayalning köngli tolimu yérim iken. Axir bérip ularning turmushi xeterlik ehwalgha chüshüp qaptu. Shu chaghdila ayal ailisini qutquzuwalmaqchi bolup, bir danishmendin meslihet soraptu we esli ehwalni bayan qiliptu.

– Apla, silerning ehwalinglar tolimu xeterlik iken. Men silerge séhirlik epsunimni oqup, silerning jédilinglarni séhirlik tashqa bent qilip bérey,– deptu danishmen we ichkiriki öyge kirip kétip xéli uzun waqittin kéyin chiqiptu.

– Aranglardiki sheytanni mushu tashqa bent qildim. U silerni dawamliq munazire qilishqa qutritip axirida aranglarda urush - jédel peyda qilidiken. Eger éringiz bilen buningdin kéyin urushup qélish xewpi tughulsa, mana mawu tashni tilingizning astigha éringizgha körsetmestin séliwéling - de, aghzingizni yumup jimmide turuwéling. Shu chaghdila silerni sheytan urushushqa qutritalmaydu. Éringizmu mulayimliship sizge yol qoyidighan bolidu. Eger undaq qilmisingiz ailingiz weyran bolidu. Melum mezgil ötkendin kéyin silerdiki bu xil halet ongshilidu. Shu chaghda munu xetni échip oqung. Uningghiche bu xetni qet'iy mexpiy saqlang,– deptu danishmen we ayalgha bir parche xetni bériptu. Ayal xushal halda öyige qaytiptu.

Bir küni u yene kichikkine bir ish sewebidin éri bilen gep taliship qaptu we axirida jédellishiptu. Shu chaghda ayalning yadigha héliqi danishmen bergen séhirlik tash keptu - de, derhal érigha keynini qilip tashni aghzigha sélip mehkem yumup jimmide turuwaptu.

Éri ayalining ilgirikidek özi bilen teng turmastin jim turghanliqini körüp heyran qaptu we jédelni boldi qiptu.

Ayalmu érining jimip qalghanliqini körüp xasiyetlik tashning karamitidin heyran qaptu. U her qétim er - ayal otturisida urushup qélish xewpi tughulsila, bu séhirlik tashni aghzigha séliwalidighan boptu. Érimu asta - asta ayalining özgirip éghir - bésiq, temkin bolup qalghanliqidin tesirlinip uninggha hörmet qilidighan boptu. Axir bularning turmushida yene burunqi toy qilghan waqitlardiki inaqliq eslige keptu. Ayal shu chaghdila andin danishmen bergen héliqi xetni échiptu. Uningda mundaq dep yézilghaniken:

«Singlim, ésingizde bolsun, aile hergizmu er - ayal munazirilishidighan sot meydani emes, belki muhebbetning menggülük uwisi. Eger siz xata halda uni sot meydanigha aylanduruwalsingiz, meyli qaysi terepning utup chiqishidin qet'iynezer késim namingiz ajrishish bolidu. Elwette, bu her ikkinglar xalimaydighan ghelibe. Munazirining bolmiqi ongay, emma uni köngüllük axirlashturush tes. Shunga munazirileshmekchi bolghan éghizni muhebbetlik lewler bilen tosung!

Epsun oqulghan héliqi séhirlik tash ésingizdidu, hemmimizde ashundaq birdin tash bolidu. Uning ismi sewr - taqet, emma biz bu tashni qarshi terepke bext tileydighan chaghda tilimizni basturup qoyimiz. Qarshi terepke azab keltüridighan, azar béridighan chaghda bolsa asanla kötürüwétimiz. Er - ayal otturisida emeliyette qarshi terepni xushal qilish nahayiti ongay. ‹Sizni söyimen›, ‹méni epu qiling›, ‹bu ishta men eyiblik› désekla kupaye. Bu sözler ailini inaqlashturushtiki muhim halqa. Hergizmu mesilige yoluqqanda ziddiyetni qarshi terepke ittirip qoyush, bir - biridin qusur izdesh, öz'ara munazirilishish, qarshi terep üstidin ghelibe qilish yoli emes. Semimiylik bilen öz xataliqingizni étirap qilghiningiz del tilingizdiki tashni kötürüwétish üchün küchewatqan waqtingizdur.

Muhebbet burundinla mewjut, tash - tosaq kéyin peyda bolghan. Herqandaq qélin tash - tosaq bolsimu muhebbet uni öz ilkige alalaydu. Halbuki singlim, sizning turmushingizda del ashu orun bosh qalghan. Shunga turmushingizda tash - tosaqlar peyda bolghan. Muhebbitingiz küchlük bolsimu emma uninggha singdürülmigen. Shunga men sizge buning yolini körsitip berdim, yeni mulayim bolung, erler herqandaq béshem ayallargha asanla taqabil turalaydu. Yene kélip amal - charilirimu köp. Emma mulayim ayallargha asanla esirge chüshidu. Siz del munaziridin toxtap éringizgha yol qoyghan waqtingizda u andin sizning wujudingizda mulayimliqning barliqini hés qilip sizge yol qoyidu. Siz buninggha emel qilghiningiz üchün netijide aranglardiki tash - tosaqlar kötürülüp bir - biringlarni söyelidinglar. Emdi siz héliqi epsun oqughan tashni kérek qilmisingizmu bolidu. Chünki uninggha héchqandaq epsun oqulghan emes, méhir - muhebbet herqandaq epsundin ulugh. Xeyr, sizge bext tileymen».

Ayal héliqi xetni oqup andin séhirlik tashning menisini chüshiniptu. Eslide ularning turmushini güzelleshtürgen séhirlik tash bolmastin, belki qarshi terepning achchiqi kelgende uninggha süküt qilghanliqtin bolghaniken. Bu yalghuz er - ayalghila emes, belki ata - ana, dost - burader, xizmetdashlarghimu bab kélidu. Dostlar hemmimiz halqiliq peytlerde ashu séhirlik tashni untup qalmayli.

Natonush kishiler

Bir yigit gugum qoynida köwrük salasunigha yölinip derya süyige qarap turghan bir qizning yénigha keptu.

– Méning rohim hazir berbatliqqa chökti. Siz bilen paranglashsam bolamdu?– Deptu u. Qiz qoshulghanliqini bildürüp béshini lingshitiptu.

– Men bügün söygen qizimdin ayrilip qaldim. U bek chirayliq, bilimlik qiz idi. Men bek namrat, uning üstige ish ornummu yoq idi. Uninggha özümni mas kelmeydighandek hés qilattim. U kala göshi ügrisige bek amraq idi. Shunga heptide bir qétim shehirimizdiki eng dangliq ügrixanigha kirip ügre ichettuq. Ügridin peqet bir qachila buyruyttuq. U özi yalghuz ichetti. Men uninggha qarap chay ichip olturattim. Chünki men bek namrat idim, qandaqla bolmisun bir heptide bir ügrige yetküdek pul yighattim. Ügrige herqanche amraq bolsammu ta hazirghiche ashu ügrixanidiki ügre temining qandaqliqini bilmeymen. Emdilikte u bir puldar ademning arqisidin kétip qaldi. Dunyada özümni eng yalghuz, yekke - yégane hés qilidighan bolup qaldim. Shunga bügün rohiy azab ichide özümni öltürüwalay dep oylap bu yerge keldim. Qarisam siz bu yerde turisiz, ilgiri méning köpligen chaghlirim mushu yerde uning bilen birge ötkenidi. Shunga ölüwélishtin burun turupla sizge ichimdiki derdlirimni töküwalghum kélip qaldi.

Qiz uning sözlirini anglap chongqur oygha chökken halda deptu:

– Siz némishqa hayatingizni birla ademge baghliwalisiz?! Qeyerde yiqilghan bolsingiz shu yerde orningizdin turung. Semingizde bolsunki, siz özingizni bextsiz hésablawatqan chaghda jahanda sizdinmu better bextsiz ademning barliqini untup qalmang.

– Rehmet, siz méni qutquzuwaldingiz. Emdi men özümning iradisining tolimu ajiz ikenlikini hés qildim. Choqum hayatni bashqidin yashaymen.

– Rehmet éytmang, emeliyette siz méni qutquzuwaldingiz. Biz mushu köwrükte ornimizdin des turayli. Ilgiri méningmu nurghun tesirlik körünüshlirim mushu yerde qalghanidi. Menmu mushu yerde sizge oxshash yiqilghan. Sizning hékayingizni anglap bextsizlikke uchrighuchining yalghuz özümla emeslikini hés qildim...

Qiz uning bilen xoshliship öz yoligha rawan boldi.

Emeliyette ademler bir - birige ashundaq yardem qilidu. Eslide yigitning bir chirayliq ayali we omaq balisi bar idi. U peqet qizning exmiqane ish qilip qoyushidin ensirepla shundaq hékayini toqup chiqarghanidi. Ashu hékayila qizgha eng chong teselli bolup uning hayatini saqlap qaldi. Ilgiri yigitmu bundaq hékayini bashqilardin anglighanidi. Bezide bizning bashqilargha bergen tesellimiz emeliyette özimizge bergen tesellimizdur.

"http://www.tangritagh.net/v1/uyghur-k/2001-6/nurmemet%20yasin%20orkixi.htm" din élindi.

Erepche Öginish (Xenzu Tilida)

2006-09-28T14:43:00.000-07:00

Siz bu yerde Xenzuche arqiliq Erebche ögineleysiz